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Political Research Quarterly
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Promoting the President's Foreign Policy Agenda

Presidential Use of Executive Agreements as Policy Vehicles

Kiki Caruson

University of South Florida, Tampa

Victoria A. Farrar-Myers

University of Texas at Arlington

Executive agreements represent a powerful tool for pursuing commitments with other nations across the spectrum of foreign policy issues. In particular, the executive agreement gives presidents the flexibility to act independently of Congress. The authors' research demonstrates, quantitatively, how presidents use international executive agreements to advance their foreign policy priorities. The authors evaluate the foreign policy agendas of the Carter, Reagan, G. H. W. Bush, and first Clinton administrations and test whether the executive agreements signed during each administration serve to further the individual foreign policy goals of each president. The authors find that presidents are more likely to devote personal attention to an agreement that furthers a specific policy priority, and they identify greater agreement activity in areas that correspond to presidential initiatives.

Key Words: executive agreements • international agreement making • U.S. foreign policy • presidential unilateral action • U.S. presidency

Political Research Quarterly, Vol. 60, No. 4, 631-644 (2007)
DOI: 10.1177/1065912907307519
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